?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????! ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ? ??????. ?????? ?????| ???? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ???. ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???????

????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????. [5] Arabic literature presently reverted to its state in al-Jahiliyyah, with marketplaces like Kinasa around Kufa and Mirbad [ar] in close proximity to Basra, wherever poetry in praise and admonishment of political